Asimetri Informasi dan Moral Hazard dalam E-Commerce: A Systematic Literature Review dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the phenomena of information asymmetry and moral
hazard in e-commerce through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach
from an Islamic economics perspective. The rapid growth of e-commerce,
particularly social commerce, has increased consumers’ reliance on digital
information such as ratings, reviews, and product reputation, which do not always
reflect actual product quality. This condition leads to information asymmetry
between sellers and buyers and creates opportunities for moral hazard behavior,
including the manipulation of reviews, ratings, and product information. This
research employs a qualitative method using an SLR approach based on the
PRISMA framework to select relevant literature published between 2021 and 2025.
The data are analyzed using thematic analysis to identify keythemes related to
information asymmetry, moral hazard, their impact on consumer behavior and
market efficiency, and the perspective of Islamic economics. The findings indicate
that information asymmetry is the primary factor causing market distortion, while
moral hazard emerges as a consequence of weak transparency and monitoring in
digital systems. These phenomena contribute to decreased consumer trust, distorted
perceptions of product quality, and market inefficiency. From an Islamic economics
perspective, such practices contradict the principles of honesty, transparency, and
fairness, and can be categorized as forms of gharar (uncertainty) and tadlis
(fraudulent misrepresentation). This study concludes that integrating conventional
economic approaches with Islamic economic principles is essential to develop a
digital ecosystem that is not only efficient but also just and sustainable.
Keywords: Information Asymmetry, Moral Hazard, E-Commerce, Islamic
Economics, Systematic Literature Review