TREN PERKEMBANGAN RISET AKAD MURABAHAH, MUDHARABAH, MUSYARAKAH, DAN IJARAH DALAM PERBANKAN SYARIAH: SEBUAH SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Contracts (akad) are the foundational element distinguishing Islamic banking operations from their conventional counterparts. Among the various contracts employed, murabahah, mudharabah, musyarakah, and ijarah are the four most widely applied in Islamic bank financing products, both in Indonesia and internationally. This study aims to map and compare the development trends of academic research on these four contracts through a systematic literature review (SLR) approach. Literature sources were collected from Google Scholar, DOAJ, and Garuda databases covering publications from 2013 to 2023, filtered using inclusion and exclusion criteria following the PRISMA flow. The findings show that research on murabahah continues to dominate the literature, followed by musyarakah and mudharabah, while research on ijarah remains relatively limited both in quantity and methodological depth. This dominance mirrors the practical dominance of murabahah in the industry, yet it leaves a research gap in profit-and-loss-sharing contracts that are arguably more representative of Islamic finance's core character. This study recommends strengthening multidisciplinary, empirically grounded research on mudharabah, musyarakah, and ijarah to encourage a more balanced financing portfolio in Islamic banks going forward.

Keywords: contract; murabahah; mudharabah; musyarakah; ijarah; Islamic banking; systematic literature review